The terms “sociopath” and “psychopath” are often used interchangeably, particularly in popular culture. However, neither is an official medical diagnosis.

Sociopathy typically refers to traits such as impulsivity, difficulty feeling remorse or empathy, and being more prone to anger. Whereas psychopathy is often used by researchers and clinicians to refer to behavioral traits, such as being cold, manipulative, and failing to form emotional attachments.

Both sociopathy and psychopathy are considered to be types of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD).

Why these terms can be harmful

Neither “sociopathy” nor “psychopathy” is a formal medical diagnosis. However, both terms are often misused in everyday conversations and popular culture when referring to individuals with mental health conditions. These labels can further fuel harmful stereotypes and stigma.

This language can also dismiss, oversimplify, or sensationalize someone’s experience and create an environment where the ability to improve symptoms with proper support and treatment is ignored.

The key traits and behaviors of ASPD can include:

  • having difficulty controlling impulses
  • making decisions without considering the consequences
  • being more prone to angry outbursts
  • having difficulty displaying remorse or understanding how your actions may affect someone
  • having difficulty forming emotional attachments
  • not caring about personal safety or that of others
  • lying frequently

It’s essential to acknowledge that every individual with ASPD can experience it differently and may display a unique set of symptoms ranging from moderate to severe. It’s important not to generalize behaviors and traits and to take into account biological and environmental factors that may have led to the condition.

While ASPD can be challenging to live with, it can be managed. With the right tools and support systems in place, people with ASPD can live a healthy and well-balanced life.

If you are concerned that you or a loved one may be displaying signs of ASPD, connect with a mental health professional. They can work with you to create a treatment plan tailored to your needs.